tr API cheatsheet

API cheatsheet

Drawing

screen

screen.width	The current width of the screen in microStudio units
screen.height	The current height of the screen in microStudio units
screen.clear( [color] )	Clears the screen (fills it in black, or in the optional color argument passed)
screen.setColor( color )	Sets the color for subsequent drawing operations.
screen.setAlpha( opacity )	Sets the opacity of subsequent drawing operations, in the range [0 .. 1]
screen.setBlending( blending )	Sets the blending mode for subsequent drawing operations
screen.setLinearGradient( x1, y1, x2, y2, color1, color2 )	Sets a linear gradient for subsequent drawing operations
screen.setRadialGradient( x, y, radius, color1, color2 )	Sets a radial gradient for subsequent drawing operations
screen.setFont( font_name )	Sets the name of the font to use for subsequent text drawing operations
screen.setTranslation( tx, ty )	Translates the screen coordinates
screen.setScale( sx, sy )	Scales the screen coordinates
screen.setRotation( rotation )	Rotates the screen coordinates
screen.setDrawAnchor( x, y )	Sets the anchor (pivot) point for drawing elements. Range for x and y: [-1 .. 1]
screen.setDrawRotation( rotation )	Sets a rotation angle for drawing elements, around their anchor point
screen.setDrawScale( x, y )	Sets the drawing scale for elements, on their x-axis and y-axis
screen.fillRect( x, y, width, height [,color] )	Draws a filled rectangle
screen.fillRoundRect( x, y, width, height, roundness [,color] )	Draws a filled rounded rectangle
screen.fillRound( x, y, width, height [,color] )	Draws a filled round shape (ellipse or circle depending on your arguments)
screen.drawRect( x, y, width, height [,color] )	Draws a rectangle outline
screen.drawRoundRect( x, y, width, height, roundness [,color] )	Draws a rounded rectangle outline
screen.drawRound( x, y, width, height [,color] )	Draws a round shape outline (ellipse or circle depending on your arguments)
screen.drawSprite( name, x, y, width [,height] )	Draws a sprite at given coordinates
screen.drawSpritePart( name, px, py, pw, ph, x, y, width [,height] )	Draws an area of this sprite at given coordinates
screen.drawImage( image, x, y, width [,height] )	Draws an image at given coordinates
screen.drawImagePart( image, px, py, pw, ph, x, y, width [,height] )	Draws an area of the image at given coordinates
screen.drawMap( name, x, y, width [,height] )	Draws a map at given coordinates
screen.setPixelated( pixelated )	Sets how sprites or images must be rendered: pixelated or smoothed
screen.drawText( text, x, y, size [,color] )	Draws text at given coordinates with given size
screen.drawTextOutline( text, x, y, size [,color] )	Draws text outline at given coordinates with given size
screen.textWidth( text, size )	Returns the width of the given text when drawn at given size
screen.setLineWidth( width )	Sets the width of lines for subsequent drawing operations
screen.setLineDash( [2,4] )	Sets the line style, as an array of lines and gaps
screen.drawLine( x1, y1, x2, y2 )	Draws a line
screen.drawPolygon( x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 ... [,color])	The coordinates can also be passed as an array
screen.drawPolyline( x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 ... [,color])	The coordinates can also be passed as an array
screen.fillPolygon( x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 ... [,color])	The coordinates can also be passed as an array
screen.setCursorVisible( visible )	Sets whether the mouse cursor should be visible
screen.loadFont( fontname )	Initiates the loading of a font
screen.isFontReady( fontname )	Checks whether the font is ready to use

colors

"rgb(128,160,196)"
"rgba(128,160,196,0.5)"
"#8090A0"
"hsl(200,50%,50%)"
"hsla(200,50%,50%,0.25)"

blending modes

"normal"	"additive"	"source-out"	"source-atop"	"destination-over"
"destination-in"	"destination-out"	"destination-atop"	"lighter"	"copy"
"xor"	"multiply"	"screen"	"overlay"	"darken"
"lighten"	"color-dodge"	"color-burn"	"hard-light"	"soft-light"
"difference"	"exclusion"	"hue"	"saturation"	"color"
"luminosity"	"source-over"	"source-in"

See https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/CanvasRenderingContext2D/globalCompositeOperation

Inputs / Control

keyboard

keyboard.A	keyboard.B	keyboard.UP	keyboard.SPACE
keyboard.press.A	keyboard.press.B	keyboard.press.UP	keyboard.press.SPACE
keyboard.release.A	keyboard.release.B	keyboard.release.UP	keyboard.release.SPACE

gamepad

gamepad.A	gamepad.B	gamepad.X
gamepad.Y	gamepad.LB	gamepad.RB
gamepad.VIEW	gamepad.MENU	gamepad.LS
gamepad.RS	gamepad.DPAD_UP	gamepad.DPAD_DOWN
gamepad.DPAD_LEFT	gamepad.DPAD_RIGHT	gamepad.LT
gamepad.RT	gamepad.UP	gamepad.DOWN
gamepad.LEFT	gamepad.RIGHT	gamepad.LEFT_STICK_UP
gamepad.LEFT_STICK_DOWN	gamepad.LEFT_STICK_LEFT	gamepad.LEFT_STICK_RIGHT
gamepad.RIGHT_STICK_UP	gamepad.RIGHT_STICK_DOWN	gamepad.RIGHT_STICK_LEFT
gamepad.RIGHT_STICK_RIGHT	gamepad.LEFT_STICK_ANGLE	gamepad.LEFT_STICK_AMOUNT
gamepad.RIGHT_STICK_ANGLE	gamepad.RIGHT_STICK_AMOUNT

gamepad.press.A (B, X, Y ...)	gamepad.release.A (B, X, Y ...)
gamepad[0].A (B, X, Y ...)	gamepad[1].A (B, X, Y ...)
gamepad[2].press.A (B, X, Y ...)	gamepad[3].release.A (B, X, Y ...)

touch

touch.touching
touch.press
touch.release
touch.x
touch.y
touch.touches	list of all current active touches

mouse

mouse.x	current mouse pointer position x
mouse.y	current mouse pointer position y
mouse.pressed	1 if any mouse button is pressed, else 0
mouse.left	1 if left mouse button is pressed, else 0
mouse.middle	1 if middle mouse button is pressed, else 0
mouse.right	1 if right mouse button is pressed, else 0
mouse.wheel	value can be 1 (up), -1 (down) or 0
mouse.press	1 if any mouse button was just first pressed
mouse.release	1 when the last active mouse button was just released

Assets

asset_manager

asset_manager.loadFont( path )	Initiates loading of the font asset
asset_manager.loadImage( path, callback )	Loads image, returns a loader object and calls callback when ready
asset_manager.loadModel( path, scene, callback )	Loads 3D model, returns a loader object and calls callback when ready
asset_manager.loadJSON( path, callback )	Loads JSON as microScript object, returns a loader object and calls callback when ready
asset_manager.loadText( path, callback )	Loads TXT as microScript string, returns a loader object and calls callback when ready
asset_manager.loadCSV( path, callback )	Loads CSV as microScript string, returns a loader object and calls callback when ready

Misc

system

member	description
system.time()	Returns the system time in milliseconds (time elapsed since January 1st 1970)
system.language	Returns the language of the user
system.inputs	Allows to check which input methods are available on the user's system
system.inputs.keyboard	Returns 1 if the user's system has a keyboard
system.inputs.mouse	Returns 1 if the user's system has a mouse pointer
system.inputs.touch	Returns 1 if the user's system has a touch screen
system.inputs.gamepad	Returns 1 if there is at least one plugged in, active gamepad
system.prompt( text, callback)	Prompts the user to enter text and calls callback( ok, text )
system.say( text )	Displays a message to the user, in a dialog box
system.pause()	Pauses execution. Execution can be resumed with the "play" button in the microStudio interface
system.exit()	Exits the program
system.preemptive	Set to 1 by default, can be set to 0 to make the threading system non-preemptive
system.threads	Holds a list of all the active threads (running or paused).

storage

storage.set( name, value )
storage.get( name, value )

Images

Create Image

image = new Image( width, height )

Draw on image

Note: the default coordinates system for drawing into an image differs a lot from drawing on screen. When drawing on an image, the default unit is one pixel ; the origin is set to the upper left corner of the image. The y-axis is oriented downwards.

If you wish to create an image preconfigured with the centered, y-axis up coordinate system, you can do so by adding true as third parameter to the Image constructor:

image = new Image( width, height , true )

member	description
image.width	Width of the image in pixels
image.height	Height of the image in pixels
image.clear( [color] )	Clears the image
image.setRGB( x, y, r, g, b)	Sets pixel color
image.setRGBA( x, y, r, g, b, a)	Sets pixel color and opacity
image.getRGB( x, y [,result])	Returns pixel color as an object with R, G and B components
image.getRGBA( x, y [,result])	Returns pixel color as an object with R, G, B and A components
image.setColor( color )	Sets the color for subsequent drawing operations.
image.setAlpha( opacity )	Sets the opacity of subsequent drawing operations, in the range [0 .. 1]
image.setBlending( blending )	Sets the blending mode for subsequent drawing operations
image.setLinearGradient( x1, y1, x2, y2, color1, color2 )	Sets a linear gradient for subsequent drawing operations
image.setRadialGradient( x, y, radius, color1, color2 )	Sets a radial gradient for subsequent drawing operations
image.setFont( font_name )	Sets the name of the font to use for subsequent text drawing operations
image.setTranslation( tx, ty )	Translates the image coordinates
image.setScale( sx, sy )	Scales the image coordinates
image.setRotation( rotation )	Rotates the image coordinates
image.setDrawAnchor( x, y )	Sets the anchor (pivot) point for drawing elements. Range for x and y: [-1 .. 1]
image.setDrawRotation( rotation )	Sets a rotation angle for drawing elements, around their anchor point
image.setDrawScale( x, y )	Sets the drawing scale for elements, on their x-axis and y-axis
image.fillRect( x, y, width, height [,color] )	Draws a filled rectangle
image.fillRoundRect( x, y, width, height, roundness [,color] )	Draws a filled rounded rectangle
image.fillRound( x, y, width, height [,color] )	Draws a filled round shape (ellipse or circle depending on your arguments)
image.drawRect( x, y, width, height [,color] )	Draws a rectangle outline
image.drawRoundRect( x, y, width, height, roundness [,color] )	Draws a rounded rectangle outline
image.drawRound( x, y, width, height [,color] )	Draws a round shape outline (ellipse or circle depending on your arguments)
image.drawSprite( name, x, y, width [,height] )	Draws a sprite at given coordinates
image.drawSpritePart( name, px, py, pw, ph, x, y, width [,height] )	Draws an area of this sprite at given coordinates
image.drawImage( image, x, y, width [,height] )	Draws an image at given coordinates
image.drawImagePart( image, px, py, pw, ph, x, y, width [,height] )	Draws an area of the image at given coordinates
image.drawMap( name, x, y, width [,height] )	Draws a map at given coordinates
image.setPixelated( pixelated )	Sets how sprites or images must be rendered: pixelated or smoothed
image.drawText( text, x, y, size [,color] )	Draws text at given coordinates with given size
image.drawTextOutline( text, x, y, size [,color] )	Draws text outline at given coordinates with given size
image.textWidth( text, size )	Returns the width of the given text when drawn at given size
image.setLineWidth( width )	Sets the width of lines for subsequent drawing operations
image.setLineDash( [2,4] )	Sets the line style, as an array of lines and gaps
image.drawLine( x1, y1, x2, y2 )	Draws a line
image.drawPolygon( x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 ... [,color])	The coordinates can also be passed as an array
image.drawPolyline( x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 ... [,color])	The coordinates can also be passed as an array
image.fillPolygon( x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 ... [,color])	The coordinates can also be passed as an array

Save image

system.file.save( image, name [,format [, quality ]])	Saves the image to the PC. Format can be set to "png" or "jpg" and quality (jpg only) in the range [0 .. 1]

Sprites

Create and modify

sprite = sprites["icon"]	Default global object sprites retains all project sprites
sprite.fps = 10	Change the animation speed in case of an animated sprite
sprite.setFrame(0)	Sets the current animation frame
image = sprite.frames[0]	Get the Image object of the first (or only) sprite frame
sprite.frames.push( image )	Add a new frame to this sprite

Maps

Create Map

map = new Map( width_in_tiles, height_in_tiles, tile_pixel_width, tile_pixel_height )

Map functions

map.get( x, y )
map.set( x, y , "sprite" )
map.set( x, y , "tilemap:4,6" )

Sounds

beeps

audio.beep( "C4 E G C5 E G" )
audio.beep( "volume 50 span 50 tempo 240 loop 4 C4 E G C5 E G end" )
audio.cancelBeeps()

play sounds

sound = audio.playSound( "mysound" )	Starts playing the sound "mysound" and returns a controller object

control sound playback

sound.setVolume( volume )
sound.setPitch( pitch )
sound.setPan( pan )
sound.stop()

play music

music = audio.playMusic( "mymusic" )	Starts playing the music "mymusic" and returns a controller object

control music playback

music.setVolume( volume )
music.stop()
music.play()
music.getDuration()	in seconds
music.getPosition()	in seconds
music.setPosition( position )	in seconds

create Sound

sound = new Sound( channels, length, sampleRate )	Creates a sound object
sound.write( channel, index, value )	Writes sample data
sound.read( channel, index )	Reads sample data
sound.play( [ volume, pitch, pan, loop ])

File API

load file

with callback

system.file.load( ["png","jpg"] , function( file_list )
    for file in file_list
      print(file.content)
    end
  end)

without callback

system.file.load( ["png","jpg"] )

(...)

update = function()
  if system.file.loaded then
    for file in system.file.loaded
      print( file.content )
    end
  end
end

file dropped

update = function()
  if system.file.dropped then
    for file in system.file.dropped
      print( file.content )
    end
  end
end

save file

system.file.save( obj, name )	saves your object as a json file
system.file.save( image, name )
system.file.save( sound, name )

Project access API

The project access API is only available when the project is running within the microStudio editor. You can check the availability with if system.project then ...

list project files

system.project.listFiles( "source", function( list, error) print(list) end )
system.project.listFiles( "sprites/folder1", function( list, error) print(list) end )
system.project.listFiles( "maps", function( list, error) print(list) end )
system.project.listFiles( "sounds", function( list, error) print(list) end )
system.project.listFiles( "music", function( list, error) print(list) end )
system.project.listFiles( "assets", function( list, error) print(list) end )

read project files

system.project.readFile( "source/main", function(result, error) print(result) end )
system.project.readFile( "sprites/icon", function( sprite, error) screen.drawSprite(sprite,0,0,50) end )
system.project.readFile( "maps/folder/map1", function( map, error) screen.drawMap(map,0,0,320,200) end )
system.project.readFile( "sounds/fx/blast", function(sound, error) sound.play() end )
system.project.readFile( "music/song", function(sound, error) sound.play() end )
system.project.readFile( "assets/textfile", function(text, error) print(text) end )
system.project.readFile( "assets/image_file", function( image, error) screen.drawImage(image,0,0,200) end )
system.project.readFile( "assets/json_file", function( obj, error) print(obj.x) end )

write project files

system.project.writeFile( "source/generated/src1", string, 0, function(result, error) print(result) end )
system.project.writeFile( "sprites/generated/sprite1", sprite, 0, function(result, error) print(result) end )
system.project.writeFile( "sprites/generated/map1", map, 0, function(result, error) print(result) end )
system.project.writeFile( "sounds/generated/sound1", sound, 0, function(result, error) print(result) end )
system.project.writeFile( "music/generated/music1", sound, 0, function(result, error) print(result) end )
system.project.writeFile( "assets/generated/textfile", string, object ext = "txt" end, function(result, error) print(result) end )
system.project.writeFile( "assets/generated/jsonfile", obj, object ext = "json" end, function(result, error) print(result) end )
system.project.writeFile( "assets/generated/imagefile", image, object ext = "jpg" end, function(result, error) print(result) end )

delete project file

system.project.deleteFile( "sprites/sprite1", function(result, error) print(result) end )