Add WASM wheels build

[gbolmier]

Let's first test the build of the WASM wheels in an independant workflow so that it is easier to iterate and make sure it works before adding the logic to the pypi workflow.

See #1649 thread for more context.

Current blocker is a conflict between River pandas<3.0.0,>=2.2.3 requirement and Pyodide pandas version (2.2.0) (see run error).

[MaxHalford]

Great stuff @gbolmier!

For the pandas version, I guess it's fine to loosen it on our end.

[gbolmier]

For the pandas version, I guess it's fine to loosen it on our end.

I would prefer too, if possible. @agriyakhetarpal do you remember why you bumped pandas from ^2.1 to ^2.2.3 in #1632?

I just realized that Pyodide is not supporting NumPy >=2.0 yet (see supported list). That's why their supported pandas version is 2.2.0 (which is not supporting NumPy >=2.0 (see reqs).

@agriyakhetarpal does it mean that we need to wait for Pyodide to support newer pandas and NumPy versions in order to test River's WASM build?

[agriyakhetarpal]

Hi @gbolmier, sorry for the late response – this PR got buried in my notifications!

Yes, you are right. We will currently need to wait for a Pyodide release to be able to grab NumPy >= 2.0 and pandas >= 2.2.3. The reason for bumping pandas to ^2.2.3 was indeed due to the NumPy build-time constraint (IIRC, 2.2.2 is the first version to build against NumPy v2).

[agriyakhetarpal]

Hi @gbolmier and @MaxHalford, Pyodide 0.27 has been released on 01/01/2025: https://github.com/pyodide/pyodide/releases/tag/0.27.0

We should be able to go ahead with this PR now 🚀 This does require pypa/cibuildwheel#2117, though – but we may switch to the non-cibuildwheel implementation and that would work just fine.

Here's an example workflow if you'd like: https://github.com/scikit-image/scikit-image/blob/107c1a9a2c49f86668c41e8e5a1c101d71ff122f/.github/workflows/emscripten.yml, which just needs the PYODIDE_VERSION to be set to 0.27.0 instead of the alpha release.