Exasol Go SQL Driver

This repository contains a Go library for connection to the Exasol database.

This library uses the standard Golang SQL driver interface for easy use.

Prerequisites

To use the Exasol Go Driver you need an Exasol database in the latest 7.1 or 8 version. Older versions might work but are not supported.

Usage

Create Connection

With Exasol Config

We recommend using the provided builder to build a connection string. The builder ensures all values are escaped properly.

package main

import (
    "database/sql"
    "github.com/exasol/exasol-driver-go"
)

func main() {
    database, err := sql.Open("exasol", exasol.NewConfig("<username>", "<password>").
                                              Host("<host>").
                                              Port(8563).
                                              String())
    // ...
}

If you want to login via OpenID tokens use exasol.NewConfigWithRefreshToken("token") or exasol.NewConfigWithAccessToken("token"). See the documentation about how to configure OpenID authentication in Exasol. OpenID authentication is only supported with Exasol 7.1.x and later.

With Exasol DSN

You can also create a connection replacing the builder with a simple string:

package main

import (
    "database/sql"
    _ "github.com/exasol/exasol-driver-go"
)

func main() {
    database, err := sql.Open("exasol",
            "exa:<host>:<port>;user=<username>;password=<password>")
    // ...
}

If a value in the connection string contains a ; you need to escape it with \;. This ensures that the driver can parse the connection string as expected.

Execute Statement

result, err := exasol.Exec(`
    INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS
    (NAME, CITY)
    VALUES('Bob', 'Berlin');`)

Query Statement

rows, err := exasol.Query("SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS")

Use Prepared Statements

preparedStatement, err := exasol.Prepare(`
    INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS
    (NAME, CITY)
    VALUES(?, ?)`)
result, err = preparedStatement.Exec("Bob", "Berlin")

preparedStatement, err := exasol.Prepare("SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS WHERE NAME = ?")
rows, err := preparedStatement.Query("Bob")

Transaction Commit and Rollback

To control the transaction state manually, you need to disable autocommit (enabled by default):

database, err := sql.Open("exasol",
                "exa:<host>:<port>;user=<username>;password=<password>;autocommit=0")
// or
database, err := sql.Open("exasol", exasol.NewConfig("<username>", "<password>")
                                          .Port(<port>)
                                          .Host("<host>")
                                          .Autocommit(false)
                                          .String())

After that you can begin a transaction:

transaction, err := exasol.Begin()
result, err := transaction.Exec( ... )
result2, err := transaction.Exec( ... )

To commit a transaction use Commit():

err = transaction.Commit()

To rollback a transaction use Rollback():

err = transaction.Rollback()

Import Local CSV Files

Use the sql driver to load data from one or more CSV files into your Exasol Database. These files must be local to the machine where you execute the IMPORT statement.

Limitations:

• The driver supports only CSV and Parquet files. It does not support FBV.
• The driver does not support the SQL SECURE option. Instead, it encrypts the proxy connection that transfers a local CSV or Parquet file by default when the server supports it. On older servers, the driver automatically uses plaintext. Set the localimportencryption driver property to 0 to disable encryption explicitly.

result, err := exasol.Exec(`
IMPORT INTO CUSTOMERS FROM LOCAL CSV FILE './testData/data.csv' FILE './testData/data_part2.csv'
  COLUMN SEPARATOR = ';' 
  ENCODING = 'UTF-8' 
  ROW SEPARATOR = 'LF'
`)

See also the usage notes about the file_src element for local files of the IMPORT statement.

Import Local Parquet Files

Use the sql driver to load data from a local Parquet file into your Exasol Database:

result, err := exasol.Exec(`
IMPORT INTO CUSTOMERS FROM LOCAL PARQUET FILE '../testData/data.parquet'
`)

Limitations:

• A statement can name exactly one Parquet file. A CSV import can still name several files.
• The statement requires Exasol 2025.1.11 or later. Against an older server, the import fails at once with error E-EGOD-31. This error names the required version and the reported version.
• The driver streams the byte ranges requested by Exasol without loading the whole file into memory.
• By default, the proxy connection that carries the file is encrypted when the server supports it. On older servers, the driver automatically uses plaintext. Set the localimportencryption driver property to 0 to disable encryption explicitly.

Connection String

The golang Driver uses the following URL structure for Exasol:

exa:<host>[,<host_1>]...[,<host_n>]:<port>[;<prop_1>=<value_1>]...[;<prop_n>=<value_n>]

Host-Range-Syntax is supported (e.g. exasol1..3). A range like exasol1..exasol3 is not valid.

Supported Driver Properties

Property	Value	Default	Description
autocommit	0=off, 1=on	1	Switch autocommit on or off.
clientname	string	Go client	Tell the server the application name.
clientversion	string		Tell the server the version of the application.
compression	0=off, 1=on	0	Switch data compression on or off.
encryption	0=off, 1=on	1	Switch automatic encryption on or off.
validateservercertificate	0=off, 1=on	1	TLS certificate verification. Disable it if you want to use a self-signed or invalid certificate (server side).
certificatefingerprint	string		Expected fingerprint of the server's TLS certificate. See below for details.
fetchsize	numeric, >0	128*1024	Amount of data in kB which should be obtained by Exasol during a fetch. The application can run out of memory if the value is too high.
localimportencryption	0=off, 1=on	1	Encrypt the proxy connection used for a local CSV or Parquet import when supported by the server; otherwise fall back to plaintext. See Import Local Parquet Files.
password	string		Exasol password.
resultsetmaxrows	numeric		Set the max amount of rows in the result set.
schema	string		Exasol schema name.
user	string		Exasol username.

Configuring TLS

We recommend to always enable TLS encryption. This is on by default, but you can enable it explicitly via driver property encryption=1 or config.Encryption(true). Please note that starting with version 8, Exasol does not support unencrypted connections anymore, so you can't use encryption=0 or config.Encryption(false).

There are two driver properties that control how TLS certificates are verified: validateservercertificate and certificatefingerprint. You have these three options depending on your setup:

• With validateservercertificate=1 (or config.ValidateServerCertificate(true)) the driver will return an error for any TLS errors (e.g. unknown certificate or invalid hostname).

  Use this when the database has a CA-signed certificate. This is the default behavior.

• With validateservercertificate=1;certificatefingerprint=<fingerprint> (or config.ValidateServerCertificate(true).CertificateFingerprint("<fingerprint>")) you can specify the fingerprint (i.e. the SHA256 checksum) of the server's certificate.

  This is useful when the database has a self-signed certificate with invalid hostname but you still want to verify connecting to the correct host.

  Note: You can find the fingerprint by first specifying an invalid fingerprint and connecting to the database. The error will contain the actual fingerprint.

• With validateservercertificate=0 (or config.ValidateServerCertificate(false)) the driver will ignore any TLS certificate errors.

  Use this if the server uses a self-signed certificate and you don't know the fingerprint. This is not recommended.

Configure Logging

Error Logger

By default the driver will log warnings and error messages to stderr. You can configure a custom error logger with

logger.SetLogger(log.New(os.Stderr, "[exasol] ", log.LstdFlags|log.Lshortfile))

Trace Logger

By default the driver does not log any trace or debug messages. To investigate problems you can configure a custom trace logger with

logger.SetTraceLogger(log.New(os.Stderr, "[exasol-trace] ", log.LstdFlags|log.Lshortfile))

You can deactivate trace logging with

logger.SetTraceLogger(nil)

Information for Users

• Examples
• Changelog
• Dependencies

Information for Developers

• Developer guide