Based on comprehensive research across healthcare standards, genomics consortiums, academic systems, geographic/demographic authorities, and technology frameworks.
- FHIR Administrative Gender (
AdministrativeGender) - Standard: HL7 FHIR - FHIR Contact Point System (
ContactPointSystem) - Standard: HL7 FHIR - FHIR Contact Point Use (
ContactPointUse) - Standard: HL7 FHIR - FHIR Address Type (
AddressType) - Standard: HL7 FHIR - FHIR Address Use (
AddressUse) - Standard: HL7 FHIR - FHIR Observation Status (
ObservationStatus) - Standard: HL7 FHIR - FHIR Diagnostic Report Status (
DiagnosticReportStatus) - Standard: HL7 FHIR - FHIR Medication Administration Status (
MedicationAdministrationStatus) - Standard: HL7 FHIR
Rationale: FHIR is the dominant healthcare interoperability standard globally. These core administrative and clinical status values are used across all healthcare systems.
- SNOMED Clinical Finding - Top-level clinical findings hierarchy
- SNOMED Procedure - Medical and surgical procedures
- SNOMED Substance - Medications, chemicals, biological substances
- SNOMED Body Structure - Anatomical locations and structures
- SNOMED Qualifier Value - Clinical qualifiers (severity, laterality, etc.)
Source: SNOMED International - 357,000+ healthcare concepts, most comprehensive clinical terminology
- ICD-11 Disease Categories - Latest WHO disease classification (2022+)
- ICD-10-CM Chapter Codes - US clinical modification chapters
- ICD-10-PCS Section Codes - Procedure coding system sections
Source: WHO ICD-11 (132 countries implementing), CDC ICD-10-CM/PCS
- LOINC Top 2000 Results - Most commonly reported lab tests (98% volume coverage)
- LOINC Universal Lab Orders - Top 300 most frequent orders
- LOINC Document Type - Clinical document types
- LOINC Answer List - Standardized result values
Source: Regenstrief Institute LOINC - global standard for lab/clinical observations
- IUPAC Nucleotide Codes - Complete DNA/RNA alphabet including ambiguity codes (A,T,G,C,N,R,Y,etc.)
- IUPAC Amino Acid Codes - Complete protein alphabet including selenocysteine (U), pyrrolysine (O)
- Sequence Quality Encodings - Phred, Solexa, Illumina quality score standards
- NCBI Genetic Code Tables - 30+ genetic codes for different organisms/organelles
- Sequencing Platforms - Illumina, PacBio, Nanopore, Element, MGI instruments
- Sequencing Chemistry - SBS, SMRT, nanopore, pyrosequencing methods
- Library Preparation Methods - RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq, Hi-C, single-cell
- Sequence File Formats - FASTA, FASTQ, SAM/BAM, VCF, GFF3 standards
Source: IUPAC biochemical nomenclature, NCBI standards, major sequencing vendors
- HPO Clinical Modifier - Human Phenotype Ontology clinical modifiers
- HPO Onset - Age/temporal onset descriptors
- GENO Zygosity - Genetic zygosity terms
- NCIT Histopathology - Cancer histological classifications
- OMIM Disease - Mendelian disease identifiers
Source: GA4GH Phenopackets v2.0 (ISO 4454:2022 standard)
- OMOP Domain - Clinical data domains (Drug, Condition, Procedure, etc.)
- OMOP Concept Class - Semantic categories within domains
- OMOP Vocabulary - Source vocabulary systems (SNOMED, ICD, LOINC, etc.)
- OMOP Relationship - Inter-concept relationship types
Source: OHDSI OMOP CDM v5.4 - used by NIH All of Us, 100+ research networks
- Data Use Ontology (DUO) - Research data use permissions/restrictions
- EDAM Operations - Bioinformatics operations and analyses
- EDAM Data Types - Biological data format types
- EDAM Topics - Biological/computational research domains
Source: FAIR Genomes, GA4GH DUO (200,000+ datasets annotated)
- CASRAI Research Output Types - Standardized publication/output categories
- CRediT Contributor Roles - Author contribution taxonomy (14 roles)
- ORCID Work Types - Research product classifications
- Grant Agency Types - Funding organization categories
Source: CASRAI, NISO CRediT, ORCID (16+ million researcher profiles)
- COAR Resource Types v3.2 - 105 scholarly resource types in 25 languages
- COAR Access Rights - Open access status vocabulary
- COAR Version Types - Manuscript version states
- DataCite Resource Types - Research data type classifications
- DataCite Contributor Types - Data contributor role types
Source: COAR (global repository network), DataCite (12+ million DOIs)
- OpenAIRE Fields of Science (FOS) - OECD discipline taxonomy enhanced
- UN Sustainable Development Goals - Research alignment with SDGs
- Journal Article Sections - Standardized manuscript sections beyond current set
- Peer Review Types - Editorial review processes (single-blind, double-blind, open, etc.)
Source: OpenAIRE Research Graph, OECD FOS classification
- ISO 3166-1 Country Codes - Alpha-2, Alpha-3, numeric country codes (249 countries)
- ISO 3166-2 Subdivision Codes - States/provinces/regions (5,046 codes)
- UN M49 Geographic Regions - Statistical region classifications
- GeoNames Feature Classes - 9 main geographic feature types
- GeoNames Feature Codes - 645 detailed geographic feature subtypes
Source: ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency, UN Statistics, GeoNames (25M+ places)
- FIPS State Codes - US state/territory codes (still widely used despite withdrawal)
- FIPS County Codes - US county identifiers
- Census Geographic Summary Levels - Administrative/statistical boundary hierarchy
Source: US Census Bureau, ANSI geographic codes
- UN Population Age Groups - Standard demographic age cohorts
- UN Educational Attainment - International education level classifications
- UN Labour Force Status - Employment status categories
- UN Household Relationship - Family/household member relationships
Source: UN Statistics Division, World Population Prospects 2024
- SPDX License Identifiers - 500+ software license types (ISO/IEC 5962:2021)
- Programming Language Types - Major language classifications/paradigms
- Software Development Methodologies - Agile, Waterfall, DevOps, etc.
- Version Control Systems - Git, SVN, Mercurial, etc.
- Container Technologies - Docker, Kubernetes, containerd, etc.
Source: SPDX License List, IEEE/ACM computing classifications
- ML Algorithm Categories - Supervised, unsupervised, reinforcement learning
- ML Model Types - Decision trees, neural networks, SVM, etc.
- Deep Learning Architectures - CNN, RNN, Transformer, GAN, etc.
- AI Ethics Categories - Fairness, accountability, transparency, privacy
- Data Science Lifecycle Stages - Collection, processing, modeling, deployment
Source: ACM Computing Classification 2012, IEEE AI standards
- Internet Media Types (MIME) - Extended beyond current basic set
- Character Encodings - UTF-8, ASCII, Latin-1, etc.
- Database Types - Relational, NoSQL, Graph, Time-series
- API Specification Formats - OpenAPI, GraphQL, REST, gRPC
- Serialization Formats - JSON, XML, YAML, Protocol Buffers, Avro
Source: IANA Media Types Registry, W3C standards
- NAICS Industry Codes - North American Industry Classification (1,065 codes)
- SIC Industry Codes - Standard Industrial Classification
- ISIC Industry Codes - UN International Standard Industrial Classification
- Company Legal Forms - Corporation, LLC, Partnership, etc.
- Business Relationship Types - Supplier, customer, partner, subsidiary, etc.
Source: US Census Bureau, UN Statistics Division
- Professional Certifications - Industry-recognized credentials
- Job Function Categories - HR/recruitment standard classifications
- Employment Types - Full-time, part-time, contract, freelance, etc.
- Remote Work Arrangements - On-site, hybrid, fully remote, etc.
- Climate Variables - Temperature, precipitation, humidity classifications
- Environmental Monitoring Parameters - Air quality, water quality indicators
- Ecosystem Types - Biome and habitat classifications
- Renewable Energy Sources - Solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, etc.
- Legal Document Types - Contracts, regulations, statutes, court decisions
- Regulatory Frameworks - GDPR, HIPAA, SOX, FDA, etc.
- Intellectual Property Types - Patents, trademarks, copyrights
- Legal Jurisdiction Types - Federal, state, local, international
- Currency Codes (ISO 4217) - 180 active currency codes
- Financial Instrument Types - Stocks, bonds, derivatives, commodities
- Payment Methods - Credit card, bank transfer, digital wallet, cryptocurrency
- Economic Indicator Categories - GDP, inflation, unemployment, trade
| Priority | Rationale | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| HIGH | Wide adoption, standards-based, critical for interoperability | FHIR, OMOP, GA4GH, COAR, ISO 3166 |
| MEDIUM | Important but more specialized, good standards backing | SPDX, GeoNames, ACM Classification |
| LOW | Useful but limited audience, or well-served by existing alternatives | NAICS, Professional certs |
- HL7 FHIR: Global healthcare interoperability standard
- SNOMED International: Comprehensive clinical terminology
- GA4GH: Genomics standards (Phenopackets ISO 4454:2022)
- OHDSI OMOP: Observational health data standard (NIH All of Us)
- CASRAI/ORCID: Research information management
- COAR: Repository and scholarly communication standards
- ISO: International geographic and technical standards
- SPDX: Software licensing standard (ISO/IEC 5962:2021)
- ACM/IEEE: Computing and technology classifications
This research-driven prioritization focuses on widely-adopted, standards-based value sets that would maximize interoperability and utility for the LinkML common value sets project.