Command `vagrant powershell` fails to start a remote session automatically when running from PowerShell 7.5.4

[nurbo]

When using the vagrant powershell command from PowerShell 7.5.4 the session cannot be automatically created and a prompt for entering username/password is displayed.

The issue does not appear with the system PowerShell 5.1.26100.7462.

Debug output

Before running the vagrant powershell command I opened a new shell without loading the profile (pwsh.exe -NoProfile) and did the following:

vagrant init gusztavvargadr/windows-11-24h2-enterprise --box-version 2511.0.0
vagrant up

Output of vagrant powershell --debug:

DEBUG host: Searching for cap: ps_client
DEBUG host: Checking in: windows
DEBUG host: Found cap: ps_client in windows
 INFO host: Execute capability: ps_client [#<Vagrant::Environment: C:/REDACTED>, {:host=>"127.0.0.1", :port=>55985, :username=>"vagrant", :password=>"vagrant", :extra_args=>nil}] (windows)
DEBUG windows: Starting remote powershell with command:
            $plain_password = "vagrant"
            $username = "vagrant"
            $port = "55985"
            $hostname = "127.0.0.1"
            $password = ConvertTo-SecureString $plain_password -asplaintext -force
            $creds = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential ("$hostname\$username", $password)
            function prompt { kill $PID }
            Enter-PSSession -ComputerName $hostname -Credential $creds -Port $port

DEBUG safe_exec: Converting command and arguments to common UTF-8 encoding for exec.
DEBUG safe_exec: Command: `"powershell"` Args: `["-NoProfile", "-ExecutionPolicy", "Bypass", "-NoExit", "-EncodedCommand", "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"]`
DEBUG safe_exec: Converted - Command: `"powershell"` Args: `["-NoProfile", "-ExecutionPolicy", "Bypass", "-NoExit", "-EncodedCommand", "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"]`
ConvertTo-SecureString : The 'ConvertTo-SecureString' command was found in the module 'Microsoft.PowerShell.Security', but the
module could not be loaded. For more information, run 'Import-Module Microsoft.PowerShell.Security'.
At line:5 char:25
+             $password = ConvertTo-SecureString $plain_password -aspla ...
+                         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : ObjectNotFound: (ConvertTo-SecureString:String) [], CommandNotFoundException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : CouldNotAutoloadMatchingModule

New-Object : Exception calling ".ctor" with "2" argument(s): "Cannot process argument because the value of argument "password"
is null. Change the value of argument "password" to a non-null value."
At line:6 char:22
+ ...    $creds = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential ("$h ...
+                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (:) [New-Object], MethodInvocationException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : ConstructorInvokedThrowException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.NewObjectCommand

The error comes from:

vagrant/plugins/hosts/windows/cap/ps.rb

Line 21 in e15df81

$password = ConvertTo-SecureString $plain_password -asplaintext -force

Note that the error persists regardless of importing the module Microsoft.PowerShell.Security before running the command. The module can be otherwise imported in the shell and the ConvertTo-SecureString cmdlet can be ran.

Expected behavior

I expected the PowerShell session to be connected without being prompted for username and password.

Actual behavior

The command fails with an error informing that the Microsoft.PowerShell.Security module could not be loaded.

Reproduction information

Vagrant version

Vagrant 2.4.9

Host operating system

• Windows 11 Pro, 24H2, 26100.7462

Version of PowerShell 7.5.4, which does not work:

Name                           Value
----                           -----
PSVersion                      7.5.4
PSEdition                      Core
GitCommitId                    7.5.4
OS                             Microsoft Windows 10.0.26100
Platform                       Win32NT
PSCompatibleVersions           {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0…}
PSRemotingProtocolVersion      2.3
SerializationVersion           1.1.0.1
WSManStackVersion              3.0

Version of working system PowerShell:

Name                           Value
----                           -----
PSVersion                      5.1.26100.7462
PSEdition                      Desktop
PSCompatibleVersions           {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0...}
BuildVersion                   10.0.26100.7462
CLRVersion                     4.0.30319.42000
WSManStackVersion              3.0
PSRemotingProtocolVersion      2.3
SerializationVersion           1.1.0.1

Guest operating system

Windows 11 24H2 Enterprise from:

gusztavvargadr/windows-11-24h2-enterprise --box-version 2511.0.0

Steps to reproduce

1. Start fresh PowerShell 7 shell with pwsh.exe -NoProfile
2. Pull and initialize the box mentioned above
3. Run vagrant powershell --debug

Vagrantfile

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.box = "gusztavvargadr/windows-11-24h2-enterprise"
  config.vm.box_version = "2511.0.0"
  config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", disabled: true
end