The regex that looks for the Windows version in systeminfo only supports English locales. For example, my system locale is in Spanish and the output looks like Nombre del sistema operativo: Microsoft Windows 10 Home.
While it's unfortunate that Microsoft doesn't seem to provide a command that outputs machine-readable version info, we might be able to work around that by always targeting the third line of the output (which is also prone to breakage, but hopefully won't change in the near future).