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Reordered exposition for H
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_posts/2026-01-05-algebraist-field-guide.md

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@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ Define the subring $\mathcal{C}(\mathbb{Q}) \subseteq \mathbb{Q}^{\infty}$ consi
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Inside $\mathcal{C}(\mathbb{Q})$, define the ideal of null sequences:[^3]
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[^3]: An ideal $I$ is a special subset of a ring, itself closed under addition and 'absorbs' multiplication by any element of the ring. Ideals allow us to form quotient rings, which generalise the idea of modular arithmetic.
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[^3]: An ideal is a special subset of a ring, itself closed under addition and 'absorbs' multiplication by any element of the ring. Ideals allow us to form quotient rings, which generalise the idea of modular arithmetic.
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$$\mathcal{N}(\mathbb{Q}) = \{ (x_n) \in \mathcal{C}(\mathbb{Q}) : x_n \to 0 \text{ as } n \to \infty \}$$
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Later in 1877, Ferdinand Georg Frobenius showed that the quaternions are one of only 3 associative division algebras over the reals (the others being $\mathbb{R}$ and $\mathbb{C}$). This result was extended by Adolf Hurwitz, who classified normed division algebras, showing that the only normed division algebras over the reals are $\mathbb{R}$, $\mathbb{C}$, $\mathbb{H}$ and the octonions $\mathbb{O}$.
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**In real life:** Quaternions are used in 3D computer graphics and robotics to represent rotations. A unit quaternion acts on 3‑dimensional space by conjugation, avoiding issues like gimbal lock that can occur with Euler angles.[^2]
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**In real life:** Quaternions are used in 3D computer graphics and robotics to represent rotations. A unit quaternion acts on 3‑dimensional space by conjugation, avoiding issues like gimbal lock that can occur with Euler angles.[^2] (I might write a separate post on this later.)
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[^2]: A 3D rotation by a unit quaternion $q \in S^3$ acts on a vector $v \in \operatorname{Im}(\mathbb{H}) \cong \mathbb{R}^3$ via the map $v \mapsto qvq^{-1}$. (I might write a separate post on this later.)
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[^2]: A 3D rotation by a unit quaternion $q \in S^3$ acts on a vector $v \in \operatorname{Im}(\mathbb{H}) \cong \mathbb{R}^3$ via the map $v \mapsto qvq^{-1}$.
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### ℍ: Construction
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